The Conservation Movement has arisen in the Anglo-Saxon world in 1842 with the first conservation program lead by the botanist Alexander Gibson in Madras, India.[1]  In 1855, the Governor-General Lord Dalhouse started the first worldwide large scale forest conservation program, which spread to the United States when Yellow Stone National Park was opened in1872 as the first national park in the world.[2]

            The first nature protection law in the world was passed in 1869 in Great Britain with “The sea Birds Preservation Act.”[3] In May 1912, naturalist Charles Rothschild initiated the creation of the Promotion of Nature Reserves which became the Wildlife Trusts. In the 20th century efforts have continued worldwide on nature conservation front, which lead in 1992 to the “Convention on Biological Diversity”[4],[5] with the consequence of many action plans in many countries for the protection of species threatened by extinction.                                                                                             

Environmentalism as an ideology that advocates the preservation and restoration of the natural environment attempting to balance the relations between humans beings and ecosystems and is working with the concepts as biodiversity, ecology. land ethics and environmental ethics.[6] The ideology of environmentalism has generated a worldwide movement with roots in the 19th century. Although there has been increasing activism and growing legislation over the decades of the 20th century, the sixth extinction event is happening with an accelerated pace. [7],[8]

                We have that fore to stop for a moment and try to understand what is going on so terribly wrong. If you lose your way in the jungle and don’t have a GPS, you have to return to the starting point, and search the right way leading to your objective.

            We should return to the Professor Wilson’s concept of Biophilia with the aim to protect biodiversity and ecosystems, so as to further prevent or at least to stop the extinction of species. [9],[10] The concept of Biophilia defines the relationship of humans to nature and to the principles of conservation biology by advocating the natural resource management.[11],[12]  Conservation biology and ecology interfere and are relying also on the science of sustaining  evolutionary processes that stimulate genetics, population, species and ecosystem diversity.[13],[14]      

Although since 2000, the “landscape scale conservation”[15],[16] has gained priority, there are many biologists advocating the protection of high-profile species, species which if are extinct lead to the collapse of entire ecosystems. The world of insects is the backbone sustaining all other species. To participate in activities saving insects is probably the easiest approach for every person on the planet, and that fore we should try to commit ourselves to these activities.

 

Foot Notes

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[1]Barton 2002, 48

[2] Aubrey Haines, The Yellow Stone Story: A History of our First National Park, vol.1. Rev. Ed, (Yellow Stone National Park, Wyoming: Yellowstone Association for Natural Science, History of Education,1996), 196.

[3] Baeyens and Martinez 2007, 282

[4] Convention on Biological Diversity, „ Convention on Biological Diversity United Nations 1992.”cbd.int, cbd. 1992, Last accessed 01.13.2020, http://www/cbd.int/doc.legal/cbd-en.pdf

[5] The Convention on Biological Diversity-Sustaining Life on Earth, “How the Convention on Biological Diversity promotes nature and human well-being,”07.07.2006-07.27.2007. web.archive.org,web.archive,Lastaccessed01.13.2020.http://www.web.archive.org/web/20061212185319/;

http://www.biodiv.org/doc/publication/guide.shtml?id=web.http://www.web.archive.org/web/20061212185319/http://www.biodiv.org/doc/publications/cbd-sustain-en.pdf

[6] Merriam Webster Dictionary Online, “Environmentalism-Definition and More from the FreeMiriamWebsterDictionary,”08.13.2010.Merriam-Webster.com,Merriam-Webster.com,LastAccessed,06.20.2010,https://www.merrianwebster.com/fdictionary/environmentalism.

[7] Craig Kridel, Encyclopedia of Curriculum Studies,vol.1, Environmentalism in the Class Room Curriculum, (Thousands Oaks, California, USA: Sage Publications,2010),341.[7]

[8] Jennifer Sinsel,2010, “ Earth Day Activities,” 04.15.2010 lessonplanet.com, Lesson Planet, Last Accessed 01.13.2010 https://www.lessonplanet.com/article/elemntary-science/earth-day-activities.

[9] Michael E. Soule, 1986, “What is Conservation Biolog,.” BioScience 35, No.11:727-734, Last accessed 01.13.2020, https://www/doi.org/10/2307/1310054

[10] Fred Van Dyke, 2008, Conservation Biology Foundations, 2nd.ed (New York, USA: Springer Verlag), https://www.10.1007/978-1-4020-6891-1.

[11] Michael E. Soule, 1986, “What is Conservation Biolog,.” BioScience 35, No.11:727-734, Last accessed 01.13.2020, https://www/doi.org/10/2307/1310054

[12] Fred Van Dyke,  2008, Conservation Biology Foundations, 2nd.ed (New York, USA: Springer Verlag), https://www.10.1007/978-1-4020-6891-1.

[13] Michael E. Soule, 1986, “What is Conservation Biolog,.” BioScience 35, No.11:727-734, Last accessed 01.13.2020, https://www/doi.org/10/2307/1310054

[14] Fred Van Dyke,  2008, Conservation Biology Foundations, 2nd.ed (New York, USA: Springer Verlag), https://www.10.1007/978-1-4020-6891-1.

[15] Elizabeth L. Deakin,; James Feed,; Terry Sunderland,; Josh Van Vianen, “Integrated landscape approaches to managing social and environmental issues in the tropics: learning from the past to guide the future,”03.17.2016, Global Change Biology22, No.7: 2540-2554, Last Accessed, http://www.https://www/onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/gcb.13284

[16] Helen Bellfield ,; Josh Gregory,; Niki Madras,;Nick Oakes, Louise Buck,; Krista Heiner,; Marco Lentini,; Sunita Sarkar,; James Reed, ;Klaus Ackermann,; Matthias hack,; Andreas Lange,; Corinna Wallrapp,; Frank Richter,; Mohammed Bakarr,; Miguel Calmon,; Rodercik Zagt,; Leida Mercado,; Amilcal Aguilar,; Toby Janson-Smith,;Naomi Swickard,; Carolyn Ching,; Tor-Gunnar Vagen,; Constance L. Neely,; Sabrina Chestermann,; Nguyen La,; “The Little Sustainable Landscapes Book-Achieving sustainable development through integrated landscape management,”05.12.2015,Globalcanopy.org.Globalcanopy.LastAccessed01.13.2020,https://www.globalcanopy.org/sites/default/files/documents/resorces/GCP_LSLD_English.pdf